What are allergic eye conditions?
Allergic eye conditions are reactions triggered by allergens, leading to inflammation of the eyes. Common types include:

• Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (Hay Fever conjunctivitis) is caused by pollen and usually occurs in spring and summer.
• Perennial allergic conjunctivitis: This is caused by year-round allergens, such as dust mites and pet dander.
• Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A more severe, chronic form of allergic eye inflammation often seen in children and young adults.

What causes allergic eye conditions?
These conditions occur when the immune system overreacts to harmless substances like pollen, dust, mould, or pet dander. The body releases histamines and other chemicals, causing inflammation and allergy symptoms.

What are the symptoms?

• Itchy, watery eyes.
• Redness and swelling of the eyes and eyelids.
• Burning or stinging sensations.
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia).
• A feeling of grittiness or a foreign body in the eye.
• Runny nose or sneezing (typical in hay fever conjunctivitis).

How are allergic eye conditions diagnosed?
An eye doctor will review your symptoms and medical history. They may perform:

• Eye Examination: To check for signs of inflammation or damage.
• Allergy Testing: Skin or blood tests to identify specific allergens.

How are allergic eye conditions treated?

Avoiding Allergens:

• Stay indoors during high pollen counts.
• Use air purifiers and avoid dust accumulation.
• Wash your hands after handling pets.

Medications:

• Antihistamine Drops: Reduce itching and redness by blocking histamine release.
• Mast Cell Stabilizers: Prevent the release of allergy-causing chemicals.
• Combination Drops: Include antihistamines and mast cell stabilisers for comprehensive relief.
• Decongestant Drops: Reduce redness but are for short-term use only.
• Steroid Drops: For severe cases, prescribed under close medical supervision.
• Oral Antihistamines: Useful if symptoms affect the nose and the eyes.

Cold Compresses:
Applying a clean, cold cloth to the eyes can soothe itching and swelling.

Can allergic eye conditions harm my vision?

Most allergic eye conditions do not cause permanent damage. However, severe or untreated conditions like vernal keratoconjunctivitis can lead to complications. This underscores the importance of seeking appropriate care, which can provide reassurance and improve your quality of life.

When should I see a doctor?

Consult an eye specialist if symptoms persist despite treatment, are severe, or if you experience pain or vision changes. Early management can prevent complications and improve quality of life.

Can these conditions be prevented?

While not always preventable, you can take control by minimizing allergen exposure and maintaining good eye hygiene. This proactive approach can reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms, making you feel more empowered in managing your condition.